Varicose eczema, also known as stasis dermatitis, is an inflammatory skin condition that usually affects the legs, especially in people with venous circulation problems. This disease is common in older adults and is associated with chronic venous insufficiency, where blood has difficulty returning properly to the heart.
Although more frequent in people with varicose veins or a history of deep vein thrombosis, varicose eczema can develop in anyone with poor blood circulation in the legs. Understanding its signs, causes, and treatment methods is essential to avoid complications and promote better quality of life.
What causes varicose eczema
Varicose eczema occurs when the veins in the legs are unable to pump blood efficiently. This causes blood to accumulate in the veins (venous stasis), leading to increased pressure in the blood vessels and, consequently, inflammation in the skin.
Some factors that increase the risk of developing the condition include:
History of varicose veins or deep vein thrombosis
Obesity
Pregnancy
Long periods standing or sitting
Advanced age
Repeated trauma to the legs
The affected skin becomes fragile and prone to irritation, infections, and in severe cases, the formation of venous ulcers.
Symptoms of varicose eczema
Symptoms of varicose eczema develop gradually and can vary from person to person. The most common include:
Redness and inflammation of the skin, especially around the ankles
Intense itching
Burning sensation or pain
Dry, scaly, or cracked skin
Brown or purplish spots due to hemossiderin (iron pigment) deposits
Leg swelling (edema)
Wound or ulcer formation in more severe cases
Discomfort usually worsens at the end of the day, especially after long periods standing.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is made by a doctor, usually a dermatologist or an angiologist, based on physical examination and the patient’s medical history. In some cases, imaging tests such as venous Doppler ultrasound may be requested to assess leg circulation and identify venous insufficiency.
Treatment for varicose eczema
The goal of treating varicose eczema is to control symptoms, improve circulation, and prevent complications such as ulcers. The most common approaches include:
Managing venous insufficiency: The use of compression stockings is essential to help blood return to the heart and reduce swelling.
Skin care: Moisturizing the skin regularly with emollient creams helps prevent dryness and cracking.
Topical medications: Corticosteroids in cream or ointment form may be prescribed to reduce inflammation. Topical or oral antibiotics may be needed in case of secondary infection.
Leg elevation: Keeping the legs elevated whenever possible helps with venous return and reduces swelling.
Varicose vein treatment: Procedures such as sclerotherapy, surgery, or laser endovenous ablation may be recommended to treat affected veins.
It’s important to emphasize that treatment should always be supervised by a healthcare professional to ensure proper therapy and prevent complications.
Daily care and prevention
In addition to medical treatment, some daily care habits can help control and prevent varicose eczema:
Use fragrance-free moisturizing creams daily to protect the skin
Avoid very hot showers, which can further dry out the skin
Do not scratch affected areas to avoid infections
Wear compression stockings as advised by a doctor
Engage in regular physical activities, such as walking, to stimulate circulation
Maintain a healthy body weight
Elevate your legs when resting or sleeping
Myths and truths about varicose eczema
As with other skin conditions, varicose eczema is surrounded by some myths that may hinder proper treatment.
Myth: Varicose eczema is contagious.
Truth: It is not contagious. The inflammation occurs due to internal circulatory problems and cannot be transmitted to another person.
Myth: Just treating the skin makes the condition go away.
Truth: While skin care is essential, treating only the inflammation won’t solve the problem if the underlying cause (venous insufficiency) is not addressed.
Myth: Varicose eczema goes away on its own.
Truth: Without proper treatment, the condition may worsen, increasing the risk of open wounds and serious infections.
Conclusion
Varicose eczema, also known as stasis dermatitis, is a common and debilitating condition that can be well managed with proper treatment and daily care. Early diagnosis, treating venous insufficiency, and maintaining well-moisturized skin are essential measures to prevent complications and improve patients’ quality of life.
If you notice symptoms such as swelling, redness, and itching in your legs — especially if you have a history of circulatory issues — see a doctor for proper evaluation and guidance.
